In March 2003, under President George W. Bush, the US invaded Iraq signaling the start of the war dubbed “Operation Iraqi Freedom.” The coalition’s stated mission was "to disarm Iraq of weapons of mass destruction, end Saddam Hussein's support for terrorism, and free the Iraqi people.” But there were many who questioned the motives behind this controversial action, including the students in the Intermediate Graphic Design class at Yale University. Just days after the invasion, a hand-painted billboard questioning the rationale for the war was installed on Interstate 95 facing southbound traffic between Boston and New York City. The project was directed by Pamela Hovland, Senior Critic in Design, and made possible through the patronage of John Barrett at Barrett Outdoor Communications. The billboard was viewed by millions of travelers over a six-month period.